Docker - Prometheus（普罗米修斯）

简介

Prometheus是一个开源的完整监控解决方案，其对传统监控系统的测试和告警模型进行了彻底的颠覆，形成了基于中央化的规则计算、统一分析和告警的新模型。

一、拉取镜像

docker pull prom/prometheus           # Prometheus
docker pull grafana/grafana           # Grafana
docker pull prom/node-exporter        # NodeExporter
docker pull google/cadvisor           # Cadvisor

二、执行安装

1. NodeExporter

docker run -d \
--name=nodeexporter \
--restart always \
-p 9002:9100 \
-v /proc:/host/proc:ro \
-v /sys:/host/sys:ro \
-v /:/rootfs:ro \
prom/node-exporter --path.procfs=/host/proc --path.sysfs=/host/sys --path.rootfs=/rootfs \
--collector.filesystem.ignored-mount-points "^/(sys|proc|dev|host|etc)($$|/)"

2. CAdvisor

docker run -d \
--name=cadvisor \
--restart always \
-p 9003:8080 \
-v /:/rootfs:ro \
-v /var/run:/var/run/:rw \
-v /sys:/sys:ro \
-v /var/lib/docker:/var/lib/docker:ro \
--detach=true \
google/cadvisor

3. PrometheusServer

Ⅰ. 安装前准备

# 创建临时容器，导出配置文件
docker create --name prometheus_temp prom/prometheus \
  && docker cp prometheus_temp:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml /data/monitor/prometheus/prometheus.yml \
  && docker rm prometheus_temp

调整刚copy下来的配置文件prometheus.yml，示例：

# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
      # - alertmanager:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: 'consul'

    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.
    consul_sd_configs:
    - server: '39.105.118.243:8500' # 配置Consul自动发现
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_consul_service_port]
        regex: ^8300$ # 移除Consul本身
        action: drop

  - job_name: 'centos'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['39.105.118.243:9002']

  - job_name: 'cadvisor'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['39.105.118.243:9003']

Ⅱ. 调整完配置文件后，运行容器

docker run -d \
--name prometheus \
--restart always \
-p 9004:9090 \                                                                # 映射端口
-v /data/monitor/prometheus/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml \   # 映射刚刚调整的配置文件
prom/prometheus

访问IP：映射端口，显示如下表示已安装成功

4. Gragana

docker run -d \
--restart always \
--name grafana \
-p 9005:3000 \
-v /data/monitor/grafana:/var/lib/grafana \           # 映射数据文件
-e "GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD=7m4ZajCBxQy5ldzD" \    # 设置访问密码，默认账号：admin
grafana/grafana

访问:IP：映射端口，显示如下表示已安装完成

三、模板配置

1.添加数据源，填写你的PrometheusServer服务地址，如：IP:9004

2.添加或导入监控模板dashboard，推荐我常用的模板ID：8919、10619

四、预警设置

docker cp grafana:/etc/grafana/grafana.ini /data/monitor/grafana/grafana.ini    # 将Grafana配置文件copy到磁盘

调整配置文件

# 替换回原文件，可以移除刚新建的Grafana容器重新生成
docker run -d \
--restart always \
--name grafana \
-p 9005:3000 \
-v /data/monitor/grafana:/var/lib/grafana \                         # 映射数据文件
-v /data/monitor/grafana/grafana.ini:/etc/grafana/grafana.ini \     # 映射配置文件
-e "GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD=7m4ZajCBxQy5ldzD" \                  # 设置访问密码
grafana/grafana

进入需要预警的Panel点击Edit编辑

配置预警阀值